I think class/education i.e. social capital is a major factor. Consider that the cohort in this study (linked elsewhere in this thread) are all graduate students. I expect you'd find the effect sizes of this study would significantly increase given a sample of college dropouts rather than graduates.
I'm a dropout from a great Philosophy course: I had pre-existing problems with substance abuse, and addiction vendors like Reddit and YouTube allowed me to pour away my attention in a similar way when the coursework load (and my stress) increased. Smartphones provide yet another vector for existing psychopathologies to play themselves out.
This vindictive industry damages social cohesion and changes destinies. I now sell second-hand phones in a major UK city, and my experience is that surveillance capitalism/the digital addiction industry is cleaving out a new underclass from the working class: as a child, your membership is determined by whether or not your parents are addicted to smartphones.
Or impaired decision making causes smartphone addiction?
Or a third unknown cause like diet or education or social media usage causes both of them?
I feel like the awareness about the dangers of social media and cellphone usage is higher in people who are affine to tech and education.
Implied would be an exploitative effect of what big tech companies are doing (to people)
I'm a dropout from a great Philosophy course: I had pre-existing problems with substance abuse, and addiction vendors like Reddit and YouTube allowed me to pour away my attention in a similar way when the coursework load (and my stress) increased. Smartphones provide yet another vector for existing psychopathologies to play themselves out.
This vindictive industry damages social cohesion and changes destinies. I now sell second-hand phones in a major UK city, and my experience is that surveillance capitalism/the digital addiction industry is cleaving out a new underclass from the working class: as a child, your membership is determined by whether or not your parents are addicted to smartphones.